{"id":362,"date":"2023-01-05T15:31:05","date_gmt":"2023-01-05T15:31:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uni-wp-backend.production.wordpress-linode.linode.unep-wcmc.org\/indicator\/water-pollution\/"},"modified":"2023-08-17T16:18:26","modified_gmt":"2023-08-17T15:18:26","slug":"water-pollution","status":"publish","type":"indicator","link":"https:\/\/urban-nature-index-wp-backend.production.linode.unep-wcmc.org\/fr\/indicator\/water-pollution\/","title":{"rendered":"Pollution de l\u2019eau"},"featured_media":0,"template":"","indicator_theme":[5],"class_list":["post-362","indicator","type-indicator","status-publish","hentry","indicator_theme-human-pressures"],"acf":{"intent":"\u00c9valuer le niveau de polluants dans les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes aquatiques.","affected_areas":{"equity":false,"local":true,"hinterland":true,"global":true},"instructions":"

Les villes doivent s\u00e9lectionner les mesures les mieux adapt\u00e9es \u00e0 la nature des plans d\u2019eau locaux (cours d\u2019eau, lacs ou zones c\u00f4ti\u00e8res). Les plans d\u2019eau artificiels et\/ou canalis\u00e9s peuvent \u00eatre envisag\u00e9s le cas \u00e9ch\u00e9ant. Pour le mode de renseignement \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9l\u00e9mentaire\u00a0\u00bb, s\u00e9lectionnez au moins un grand cours d\u2019eau, au moins trois grands lacs ou la zone c\u00f4ti\u00e8re. Pour le mode de renseignement \u00ab\u00a0avanc\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb, inclure tous les grands plans d\u2019eau locaux (cours d\u2019eau class\u00e9 au moins au quatri\u00e8me rang en termes de taille et tout lac d\u2019une superficie d\u2019au moins 4\u00a0ha) et les zones c\u00f4ti\u00e8res.<\/p>\n

Pour les cours d\u2019eau\u00a0: mesurez la diff\u00e9rence de r\u00e9tention des nutriments \u00e0 partir d\u2019\u00e9chantillons d\u2019eau brute pr\u00e9lev\u00e9s \u00e0 des points d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage pr\u00e9d\u00e9termin\u00e9s en amont et en aval des plus grands cours d\u2019eau de la ville.<\/p>\n

Pour les zones c\u00f4ti\u00e8res et les lacs\u00a0: mesurez la superficie totale de l\u2019eutrophisation.<\/p>\n

Lorsqu\u2019il n\u2019y a pas de grands syst\u00e8mes aquatiques sur leur territoire, les villes peuvent prendre en consid\u00e9ration des cours d\u2019eau et des lacs plus petits ou mesurer la pollution dans 3\u00a0syst\u00e8mes situ\u00e9s dans un rayon de 10\u00a0km autour des limites g\u00e9ographiques de la ville (en pr\u00e9levant \u00e0 nouveau des \u00e9chantillons en amont et en aval).<\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage doit tenir compte des facteurs temporels et saisonniers qui affectent la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019eau. Les protocoles d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage (c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire la fr\u00e9quence des mesures, l\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage pendant le d\u00e9bit de base ou les crues) doivent \u00eatre pr\u00e9cis\u00e9s.<\/p>\n","alternatives":"

L\u2019analyse des \u00e9chantillons d\u2019eau pour la r\u00e9tention des nutriments mesure g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les niveaux d\u2019azote, mais elle peut \u00e9galement mesurer les niveaux de s\u00e9diments ou de phosphore, le cas \u00e9ch\u00e9ant.<\/p>\n

Des mesures des particules de d\u00e9chets solides tels que les plastiques peuvent \u00eatre envisag\u00e9es.<\/p>\n","resources":[{"title":"Manuel d\u2019orientation technique de l\u2019USEPA pour la mesure de la r\u00e9tention des nutriments dans les cours d\u2019eau ","url":"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2018-10\/documents\/nutrient-criteria-manual-rivers-streams.pdf"},{"title":"M\u00e9thodes d\u2019analyse de l\u2019imagerie satellitaire de la couleur de l\u2019eau en tant que mesure des taux d\u2019eutrophisation ","url":"http:\/\/www.cearac-project.org\/cearac-project\/integrated-report\/Annex_A5_Peter.pdf"},{"title":"Guide sur l\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage de l\u2019eau pr\u00e9par\u00e9 par l\u2019\u00c9tat du Queensland en Australie ","url":"https:\/\/environment.des.qld.gov.au\/__data\/assets\/pdf_file\/0031\/89914\/monitoring-sampling-manual-2018.pdf"},{"title":"Carte mondiale montrant les types de zones humides pour la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes aquatiques d\u2019importance locale","url":"https:\/\/www2.cifor.org\/global-wetlands\/"}],"indicator_id":"2.2","approach":"","scoring_calculator":"decreasing_trend","sdgs":["06","12","14"],"global_biodiversity_framework_targets":[],"iucn_nature_2030_priorities":{"1":[],"2":[],"3":["water_impact_target_1","water_impact_target_2"],"4":["ocean_impact_target_1"],"5":[]},"examples_in_practice":[{"title":"Monitoring water quality through citizen science in Bengaluru","url":"https:\/\/panorama.solutions\/en\/solution\/monitoring-water-quality-through-citizen-science-bengaluru"},{"title":"Making money from scraps","url":"https:\/\/panorama.solutions\/en\/solution\/making-money-scraps"},{"title":"Nature-based Solutions for sustainable drinking water sources","url":"https:\/\/panorama.solutions\/en\/solution\/nature-based-solutions-sustainable-drinking-water-sources"}]},"yoast_head":"\nPollution de l\u2019eau - 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